Primary Biliary Cholangitis
What is Primary Biliary Cholangitis?
Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC) is an autoimmune disorder that affects the small bile ducts in the liver. It is a progressive disease, meaning it slowly gets worse over time, and can cause significant damage to the liver. PBC is caused by genetic and environmental factors and can cause symptoms such as itching, fatigue, jaundice, and increased risk of infection.
Who is Affected by Primary Biliary Cholangitis?
Anyone can be affected by PBC, but women are more likely to develop the condition. People over the age of 40 are also at an increased risk. PBC is not contagious and it is not known to run in families, however, some genetic studies suggest that there may be a genetic component to the condition.
What are the Symptoms of Primary Biliary Cholangitis?
The symptoms of PBC can vary from person to person. Common symptoms include:
- Itching
- Fatigue
- Jaundice (yellowish skin and eyes)
- Dark urine
- Abdominal pain
- Loss of appetite
- Weight loss
- Nausea and vomiting
How is Primary Biliary Cholangitis Diagnosed?
A diagnosis of PBC is usually based on a detailed medical history, physical examination, blood tests, and imaging tests such as a liver biopsy or liver function tests. A liver biopsy can help to confirm the diagnosis of PBC.
How is Primary Biliary Cholangitis Treated?
Treatment for PBC usually involves lifestyle changes and medication. The goal of treatment is to slow the progression of the disease and to reduce the symptoms. Medications used to treat PBC include ursodiol, which helps to reduce inflammation and symptoms, and cholestyramine, which helps to block the absorption of bile acids in the intestines.
Can Primary Biliary Cholangitis be Prevented?
Since the cause of PBC is still not known, there are no known ways to prevent the condition. However, making lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking, reducing alcohol intake, and maintaining a healthy weight may help reduce your risk. Additionally, getting regular medical check-ups can help to catch the condition early, which may help to slow the progression of the disease.