Menstrual Irregularities

What are Menstrual Irregularities?

Menstrual irregularities refer to irregularities in menstrual periods. An irregular period means either that the number of days between each period is changing, the amount of blood lost during each period is changing, or both. When these hormones are disrupted, a woman’s menstrual cycle is thrown off and periods may stop, start, or become irregular.

What causes Menstrual Irregularities?

The underlying cause of irregular periods varies widely and can result from both physiological and psychological factors. Some of the common causes of menstrual irregularities include:

• Hormonal Changes: These can be due to pregnancy, menopause, postpartum state, breastfeeding, and taking certain medications, such as birth control pills or supplements.
• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): PCOS is the most common cause of menstrual irregularities in women of reproductive age.
• Excessive Exercise/Overweight/Underweight: Being either overweight or underweight can cause changes in a woman’s hormones, leading to irregular periods.
• Thyroid Disorders: Hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism can both cause menstrual cycle irregularities.
• Stress: Stressful life events can throw off hormones and cause menstrual cycles to become less predictable.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Menstrual Irregularities

To determine the cause of irregular periods, your doctor will typically ask about your general health, medical history, diet, and exercise habits. Additionally, they may order tests, such as a urine test or blood work to look at your reproductive hormone levels. Depending on the results, your doctor may refer you to a gynecologist or endocrinologist.

The treatment of menstrual irregularities will depend on the underlying cause. In some cases, your doctor may prescribe medications, such as hormonal birth control or estrogen supplements, to help regulate menstrual cycles. Other treatments may include lifestyle changes and stress management techniques. Additionally, during menopause, hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may be recommended.