Seborrhoeic Dermatitis of the Scalp
Seborrhoeic Dermatitis of the Scalp: Overview
Seborrhoeic dermatitis of the scalp, also known as seborrheic dermatitis, is a common skin condition characterized by red scaly patches in the scalp or on the scalp's skin. It is caused by an overgrowth of the yeast Malassezia or by a reaction to irritants, allergens and environmental factors. Seborrhoeic dermatitis of the scalp can cause flaking, redness and irritation, but can also be treated effectively with lifestyle changes and medications.
Symptoms of Seborrhoeic Dermatitis of the Scalp
The common symptoms of seborrhoeic dermatitis of the scalp include:
- Scalp redness or itching
- White flaky skin on the scalp
- Oily scalp, with or without swelling
- Streaks of flaky red skin on the forehead and eyebrows
- Yellowish or whitish crusts on the scalp
- Chronic or persistent dandruff
- Scalp odor due to accumulation of skin oils and sweat
Causes of Seborrhoeic Dermatitis of the Scalp
Seborrhoeic dermatitis of the scalp may be caused by several factors, such as:
- The natural skin fungi Malassezia (also known as Pityrosporum), which feeds on scalp oils
- Stress or other psychological factors
- A reaction to certain hair-care products
- Health conditions such as Parkinson's disease or HIV/AIDS
- Use of certain medications, such as those used to treat depression
- A weakened immune system
Treating Seborrhoeic Dermatitis of the Scalp
Treatment for seborrhoeic dermatitis of the scalp may include a combination of lifestyle changes, such as using a mild shampoo and avoiding allergens, as well as topical medications. Treatment options include:
- Corticosteroid creams or ointments, which can reduce inflammation
- Antifungal shampoos, such as those containing ketoconazole, selenium sulfide, pyrithione zinc, or salicylic acid
- Medicated creams containing sulfur, salicylic acid, or corticosteroids
- Oral antifungal medications, such as fluconazole or terbinafine
- Phototherapy, which is a light therapy using ultraviolet light
In severe cases of seborrhoeic dermatitis of the scalp, a dermatologist may prescribe a stronger medication or refer to a specialist.