Neoplasms
What is Neoplasm?
Neoplasm is the medical term for a tumor or mass of abnormal cells. It can be cancerous or benign, meaning it can either be malignant and spread to other parts of the body or remain in the same location. Neoplasms can affect any part of the body.
Types of Neoplasms
Neoplasms can be divided into two main categories:
- Benign - These are noncancerous tumors that are not likely to spread.
- Malignant -These are cancerous tumors that can spread to other parts of the body.
Causes of Neoplasms
The exact cause of neoplasms is unknown, but several factors can increase a person's risk of developing one, including:
- Smoking
- Exposure to certain chemicals or radiation
- Infection with certain viruses or bacteria
- Family history of cancer
- Aging
Symptoms of Neoplasms
The symptoms of a neoplasm depend on its type, size, and location. Common symptoms include:
- A lump or mass in the area affected
- Unusual bleeding or discharge
- Changes in bowel or bladder habits
- Weight loss
- Unexplained fatigue
Diagnosis of Neoplasms
To diagnose a neoplasm, a doctor will perform a physical exam and ask about a person's medical history. They may also order one or more of the following tests:
- Imaging tests such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs
- Tissue or fluid samples to examine under a microscope
- Blood tests
- Biopsy to remove a small piece of the tumor for examination
Treatment of Neoplasms
Treatment depends on the type and stage of the tumor. The most common treatments for neoplasms include:
- Surgery to remove the tumor
- Radiation therapy to kill cancer cells
- Chemotherapy to destroy cancer cells
- Targeted therapy to interfere with cancer cells' ability to grow and spread
- Immunotherapy to boost the body's own natural defenses against cancer
Prevention of Neoplasms
The best way to prevent neoplasms is to limit risk factors such as smoking, avoiding exposure to radiation or toxic chemicals, eating a healthy diet, getting regular physical activity, and getting vaccinated against certain viruses.