Severe Serum sickness
Severe Serum Sickness - Causes, Symptoms, Treatment
Severe serum sickness is an adverse immune response to certain foreign proteins, typically administered as medical treatment or as a part of a medical procedure. It is a serious condition that can develop even after just a single dose of the foreign protein. Symptoms of serum sickness can include skin rashes, swelling of the skin and joints, fever, and other flu-like symptoms.
Symptoms
The onset of symptoms typically begins about seven days after exposure to the foreign protein. Common symptoms include:
- Red or purple skin rash
- Painful, swollen joints
- Fever
- Headache
- Fatigue
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Muscle aches
- Swollen lymph nodes
Causes
Severe serum sickness is caused by exposure to foreign proteins, such as medications or immunization products which contain bacteria or viruses. It is often seen after a single-dose administration of certain medications, such as antibiotics and immunoglobulins, as well as some vaccines. It can also occur after exposure to antigens or proteins from a foreign source, such as donated blood or organs, in rare cases.
Diagnosis
In order to diagnose serum sickness, a doctor will typically take a complete medical history, perform a physical exam, and order laboratory tests, such as a complete blood count, to determine the cause of the symptoms. Imaging tests, such as an X-ray or MRI may also be recommended in order to rule out other potential causes.
Treatment
The primary treatment for serum sickness is supportive care to treat the symptoms. This may include rest, fluids, and over-the-counter medications to reduce fever and discomfort. Corticosteroid medications may also be prescribed to reduce inflammation, and antibiotics may be needed to treat bacterial infections. In rare cases, hospitalization may be necessary.
Prevention
The best way to prevent serum sickness is to avoid exposure to the foreign proteins that cause it. If a medication or vaccine is recommended, it is important to ask your doctor or pharmacist about the potential risks and side effects. If you experience any of the symptoms of serum sickness, it is important to seek medical assistance immediately.