Microscopic Polyangiitis (MPA)
Microscopic Polyangiitis (MPA): Overview and Treatment
Microscopic Polyangiitis (MPA) is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation of the small blood vessels throughout the body. It is classified as a type of vasculitis, with symptoms ranging from mild to severe. The exact cause of the disorder is unknown, though it is believed to involve certain factors--such as genetics and environmental exposures--which may trigger the inflammatory response. A variety of treatments are available to manage the symptoms or prevent flare-ups of MPA.
Signs and Symptoms of Microscopic Polyangiitis (MPA)
The primary symptoms of MPA include: fever, night sweats, muscle pain, joint pain/swelling, gastrointestinal symptoms, fatigue, skin rash, and kidney problems. Other symptoms may include eye inflammation, difficulty breathing, chest pain, and joint deformities. The severity of the disorder can range from mild to life-threatening.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Microscopic Polyangiitis (MPA)
Diagnosis of MPA is usually based on a thorough medical history, physical examination, and testing. Bloodwork, urine tests, chest x-ray, and imaging studies such as MRI or CT Scan can help diagnose the condition. Treatment for MPA may include medications and immunosuppressants to reduce inflammation, prevent further organ damage, and improve symptoms. Corticosteroids such as prednisone are often used in the initial phase of treatment. In some cases, other medications such as cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, or rituximab may be prescribed.
Lifestyle Tips for Managing Microscopic Polyangiitis (MPA)
In addition to medical treatments, there are also lifestyle changes that can help manage symptoms of MPA. These include:
- Getting plenty of rest and avoiding stress
- Eating a healthy, balanced diet
- Taking medications as prescribed by your doctor
- Exercising regularly
- Avoiding cold temperatures and wearing protective gear when necessary
- Participating in support groups or psychotherapy
MPA is a serious and potentially life-threatening disorder, but with proper diagnosis and treatment, its symptoms can be managed and complications avoided. If you or someone you know is experiencing the symptoms of MPA, it is important to contact your doctor and seek medical advice.