Major Depressive Episode
Major Depressive Episode
Major depressive episode (MDE) is a period of time lasting at least two weeks during which a person is depressed most of the day, nearly every day. In addition to feeling sad, people with major depressive episode may also have other symptoms, such as:
- Feelings of emptiness or hopelessness
- Loss of interest in activities previously enjoyed
- Sleep disturbances, including insomnia or sleeping too much
- Changes in appetite or weight
- Difficulty concentrating, making decisions, or paying attention
- Fatigue or decreased energy
- Feeling of worthlessness or guilt
- Thoughts of death or suicide
Major depressive episode is classified as a mood disorder and is characterized by signs and symptoms of depression. People with major depressive episode have difficulty functioning due to the severity and persistence of the depression. Major depressive episode symptoms must also cause an individual significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
Major depressive episode is usually treated with psychotherapy, medication, or a combination of the two. Studies have shown that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can be particularly effective in treating major depressive episode. Other treatments, such as mindfulness, psychoeducation and self-compassion can also help. Learning relaxation techniques, such as yoga and tai chi, may also help reduce stress and depression symptoms.