Enuresis

Enuresis: Introduction

Enuresis is a type of disorder characterized by an inability to control bladder functions, leading to involuntary urination. It is also known as bedwetting and can happen to both children and adults.

Enuresis is further subdivided into two types: primary enuresis and secondary enuresis. Primary enuresis occurs when a person has never achieved bladder control, while secondary enuresis is when a person who once achieved bladder control regresses and begins having issues again.

Causes of Enuresis

The most common causes of enuresis are psychological and physical. Psychological causes can include, but are not limited to, stress, anxiety, and emotional turmoil. Physical causes can include abnormalities in the urinary tract, bladder spasms, weak bladder muscles, an enlarged prostate, and hormonal imbalances.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Enuresis

Enuresis can be diagnosed through blood, urine, and imaging tests. If no underlying medical conditions can be found, treatment will consist of lifestyle changes and behavioral approaches. These include setting up regular toilet trips, avoiding any drinks before bedtime, and encouraging the person to wake up to use the toilet in the middle of the night.

In some cases, medications may be used to help with the condition. These can be either anticholinergic medications, which block nerve signals which cause bladder spasms, or desmopressin, which restricts the amount of urine produced at night.

Prevention of Enuresis

Enuresis can be prevented or avoided if lifestyle changes and behavioral techniques are started before regressing begins. This includes setting up regular toilet trips, limiting drinks at night, and using rewards for dry nights.

It is also important to ensure the child or person has a positive attitude towards bladder control, as this can help to reduce the risk of enuresis. Constant positive reinforcement can help to lessen embarrassment associated with the problem.

Key Points

• Enuresis is a type of disorder characterized by an inability to control bladder functions, leading to involuntary urination.
• It is further subdivided into primary enuresis and secondary enuresis.
• The most common causes of enuresis are psychological and physical.
• Diagnosis and treatment of enuresis involves lifestyle changes, behavioral approaches, and medication.
• Enuresis can be prevented or avoided if lifestyle changes and behavioral techniques are started before regressing begins.