Severe Pneumonia

Severe Pneumonia: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention

Pneumonia is a serious infection of the lungs that can have severe consequences if left untreated. Severe pneumonia is a form of pneumonia that is especially dangerous or difficult to treat. It usually affects adults over the age of 65, young children, and individuals with weakened immune systems.

What Causes Severe Pneumonia?

Severe pneumonia is caused by a variety of bacteria, viruses, and fungi that can infect the air sacs in the lungs. Common causes of severe pneumonia include:

Streptococcus pneumoniae
Haemophilus influenzae
Quint Streptococcus
Staphylococcus aureus
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Pneumocystis jirovecii

What Are the Symptoms of Severe Pneumonia?

The symptoms of severe pneumonia can vary depending on the type of infection you have, but generally include:

Fever
Chills
Coughing
Shortness of breath
Chest pain
Fatigue
Nausea
Loss of appetite

How Is Severe Pneumonia Treated?

Severe pneumonia is usually treated with antibiotics, but sometimes more specialized care may be needed. Other treatments may include:

Intravenous fluids and electrolytes to restore hydration and balance
Oxygen therapy
Warm compresses to help loosen chest congestion
Coughing and breathing techniques to help clear the lung secretions
Controlled physical activity to help speed recovery
Pain medications to help with discomfort

How to Prevent Severe Pneumonia

You can reduce your risk of developing severe pneumonia by:

Getting vaccinated against pneumonia
Avoiding contact with people who are sick
Avoiding smoking and secondhand smoke
Practicing good hygiene, such as washing your hands regularly
Eating a balanced diet and getting regular exercise
Managing chronic illnesses that can increase your risk of severe pneumonia