What is Postpericardiotomy Syndrome?
Postpericardiotomy Syndrome (PPS) is a complication that occurs after heart surgery. It’s characterized by a constellation of symptoms that can include fever, chest pain, and pericardial effusion.
What are the causes of Postpericardiotomy Syndrome?
The exact cause of PPS is not known, but it is believed to be related to inflammation of the pericardium, or outer lining of the heart. Injury to the pericardium that happens during surgery can lead to an excessive inflammatory response, which can lead to PPS.
What are the symptoms of Postpericardiotomy Syndrome?
PPS may cause symptoms that can range from mild to severe. Common symptoms include:
- Fever
- Chest pain
- Pericardial effusion
- Pericarditis (inflammation of the pericardium)
- Tachycardia (rapid heart rate)
- Shortness of breath
- Fatigue
How is Postpericardiotomy Syndrome diagnosed?
Diagnosis of PPS is based on a person’s medical history and physical exam. Imaging studies such as echocardiography or CT scan may be used to confirm the diagnosis. Blood tests can also be done to measure levels of inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein (CRP).
How is Postpericardiotomy Syndrome treated?
Treatment of PPS typically involves the use of anti-inflammatory medications, such as ibuprofen or steroids. In some cases, a procedure to remove excess fluid from the pericardium may be necessary. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to repair the pericardium or to remove infected tissue. In rare cases, a heart transplant may be necessary.