Otitis Externa
What is Otitis Externa?
Otitis externa, commonly known as swimmer’s ear, is an inflammatory condition of the outer ear canal. It is caused by a bacterial infection of the ear canal skin, usually occurring in damp environments.
What Causes Otitis Externa?
Otitis externa is caused by bacteria, fungi, and yeasts that infect the ear canal. The most common causative organisms are Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Other factors that can lead to otitis externa include:
- Excess moisture from swimming, sweating, showering, or bathing
- Allergic reactions
- Trauma to the ear canal
- Using certain medications, such as antibiotics, corticosteroids, and antifungal drugs
- Using hearing aids, ear plugs, or other items that fit in the ear canal
- Injury to the outer ear or ear canal, such as a burn or a scratch
Symptoms of Otitis Externa
Common symptoms of otitis externa include:
- Pain in the affected ear
- Itching of the ear canal
- Swelling and redness of the outer ear
- Foul-smelling drainage from the ear
- Hearing loss
- Feeling of fullness or pressure in the ear
Treatment for Otitis Externa
The main goal of treatment for otitis externa is to reduce the inflammation. Treatment may include medications such as antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, and antifungal drugs. Other treatments may include ear irrigation, aural toilet, and topical medications. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary.
It is important to follow your doctor's instructions when treating otitis externa. Never use cotton swabs or any other object to try to clean the ear canal, as this can cause further damage and infection.