Moraxella Catarrhalis Infection

Moraxella catarrhalis infection is an infection caused by gram-negative bacteria that normally lives in the nose and throat of humans. It is the most common cause of otitis media (inflammation of the middle ear) in young children and a major cause of lower respiratory tract infections. The infection can also cause sinusitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, meningitis, and skin infections.

Most healthy individuals can carry Moraxella catarrhalis undetected without exhibiting signs or symptoms of disease. As a result, transmission of the bacteria to other healthy individuals is common. The bacteria usually affects adults in their late 40's and early 50's, as well as younger children and infants, and it tends to cause more infections during the winter months when indoor air is more likely to contain the bacteria.

Symptoms

Symptoms of Moraxella catarrhalis infection can vary based on the type of infection. The most common symptoms of a respiratory infection are coughing, wheezing, and difficulty breathing. For ear infections, pain, fever, and ear discharge may occur. In some cases, skin infections may appear as red, tender, and swollen sores or lesions.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Most Moraxella catarrhalis infections can be diagnosed with a physical exam and laboratory tests such as blood work and sputum culture. Treatments for Moraxella catarrhalis infections usually involve antibiotics. Depending on the type of infection, oral or intravenous antibiotics may be administered to treat the condition. In some cases, supportive measures such as rest, fluids, and fever-reducing medications may be required. It is important to finish all of the antibiotics and to follow-up with your doctor to ensure that the infection has been completely treated.

Prevention

In order to prevent Moraxella catarrhalis infections, it is important to keep the body healthy and to keep the environment clean. To reduce the spread of the bacteria, it is best to practice good hygiene such as washing hands often and avoiding sharing personal items such as toothbrushes and utensils. It is also important to avoid exposure to people who are ill, as well as avoiding contact with infected surfaces or materials. Additionally, ensuring proper ventilation in the indoor environment can help reduce the spread of the bacteria.