Complement component 4

What Is Complement Component 4?

Complement component 4 (C4) is a protein that is part of the body's immune system. It is produced by the liver and helps the body fight infections by attacking invading bacteria and viruses. C4 plays an important role in the activation of the inflammatory and coagulation processes. It is also involved in the signaling pathways of other inflammatory responses, particularly those associated with allergies. C4 levels can be measured to diagnose and monitor several autoimmune diseases, such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic sclerosis.

Preparation for C4 Measurement

Preparation for C4 measurement typically involves fasting for 8-12 hours prior to providing a blood sample. No other special preparation is needed.

Procedure for C4 Measurement

C4 measurement is generally performed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Blood samples are collected and incubated with anti-C4 antibodies. The antibodies bind to the C4 proteins present in the sample, allowing them to be detected. The amount of C4 present in the sample is then calculated.

Types of C4

C4 is found in two forms: C4A and C4B. C4A is found in higher concentrations in the blood; C4B is mainly found in tissue but can also be found in circulation at low levels. C4A is involved in the regulation of inflammation and works in conjunction with other components of the immune system, while C4B plays more of an accessory role in the body.

Risks of C4 Measurement

There are no known risks associated with C4 measurement. The procedure is simple and generally considered safe.

Why is C4 Measurement Necessary?

C4 measurements can be useful in diagnosing and monitoring certain autoimmune diseases, such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic sclerosis. Low C4 levels can also indicate chronic inflammation or an impaired immune system, while high C4 levels can indicate an active infection.

When is C4 Measurement Necessary?

C4 measurement can be used to diagnose and monitor autoimmune diseases, as well as to monitor the effectiveness of treatment. It can also be used to detect changes in C4 levels that can indicate an underlying health problem.