metastatic hormone-refractory Prostate cancer

Metastatic Hormone-Refractory Prostate Cancer

Metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer (mHRPC) is a form of advanced prostate cancer. In mHRPC, the tumor has spread beyond the confines of the prostate gland and also become resistant to hormone therapy, making it difficult to treat. It can be incredibly aggressive and often has a poorer prognosis than other types of prostate cancer.

Symptoms of mHRPC vary depending on the specific tumor locations, but may include pain, difficulty urinating, incontinence, fatigue, weight loss, fever, or night sweats. Blood tests, MRI scans, and biopsies are often used to diagnose the condition. Treatment options for mHRPC are limited and may include chemotherapy, immunotherapy, hormone therapy, radiation, or targeted drugs.

• Chemotherapy – Chemotherapy is typically given intravenously. It is used to target and kill cancerous cells, but may also damage healthy nearby cells. As such, some chemotherapy drugs can produce unpleasant side effects such as anemia, hair loss, and nausea.
• Immunotherapy – Immunotherapy helps the body’s immune system fight off cancer cells by stimulating the immune system to attack them. Side effects may include fatigue, flu-like symptoms, and inflammation.
• Hormone Therapy – Hormone therapy is often used in metastatic prostate cancer to reduce the amount of testosterone, which helps to slow the growth of tumors. Possible side effects of hormone therapy include hot flashes, decreased libido, and osteoporosis.
• Radiation – External beam radiation is sometimes used to shrink tumors and limit the spread of the disease. Possible side effects of radiation include tiredness, nausea, skin irritation, and bladder control problems.
• Targeted Drugs – Targeted drugs have been developed to specifically target tumors. Side effects will vary depending on the type of drug, but may include loss of appetite, mouth sores, and fatigue.

It’s important to talk with your doctor about all of the available treatment options and their potential risks and benefits.Your doctor will also discuss palliative care with you, which is supportive care designed to help reduce symptoms and improve quality of life rather than just treat the cancer.