Serology for brucellosis

What is Brucellosis Serology ?

Brucellosis serology is a blood test used to diagnose brucellosis, a highly contagious bacterial infection caused by the Brucella species of bacteria. The infection affects animals such as cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, and horses, as well as humans. It is spread through direct contact with infected animals or consumption of unpasteurized milk or dairy products contaminated with the bacteria. It can cause a range of symptoms in humans, including fever, headaches, joint pain, fatigue, and weight loss.

Preparation for Brucellosis Serology

The test requires a blood sample. Before having any blood test, your doctor may ask that you fast for 8-12 hours. Depending on the clinical condition, fasting may not be necessary. It is important to inform your doctor of any medication you are taking. Your doctor will also check for any potential risks or complications associated with the procedure.

Procedure for Brucellosis Serology

Brucellosis serology is a relatively simple procedure. For the test, a laboratory technician or a qualified healthcare provider needs to draw your blood. The sample is then sent to the lab for testing. The test looks for antibodies to the bacteria, which the body produces in response to the infection. Results are usually available in 2 to 3 days.

Types of Brucellosis Serology Tests

Brucellosis serology tests usually involve two separate steps. The first step involves a screening test, such as an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), that looks for antibodies to the bacteria. If this test is positive, the second step is a confirmatory test, such as the buffered plate antigen (BPA) test, which further confirms a diagnosis of brucellosis.

Risks and Complications of Brucellosis Serology

Brucellosis serology is considered a safe procedure. Risks and complications are rare. However, the procedure involves a needle prick and some people may experience mild discomfort or bruising at the site.

Why Test for Brucellosis?

Brucellosis is a serious infection that can cause significant health problems if not diagnosed and treated promptly. In humans, it is spread through eating unpasteurized food products, such as dairy products and raw meat, or direct contact with infected animals. Brucellosis serology is an important tool in the diagnosis and management of brucellosis in both humans and animals.

When to Test for Brucellosis?

Brucellosis serology tests are usually ordered when someone has had direct contact with an infected animal or has consumed food products contaminated with the bacteria. The tests are typically ordered if a person has signs and symptoms suggestive of brucellosis, such as fever, muscle aches, headaches, and weight loss. Additionally, the tests could be ordered if a veterinarian suspects that animals are infected with brucellosis.