Thyroid peroxidase antibody
Understanding the Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody Test
The thyroid peroxidase antibody test is done to detect the presence and level of antithyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb). These antibodies are a type of autoantibodies, and are sometimes called antithyroid antibodies. It is used to diagnose autoimmune diseases like Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, and may also be used to monitor thyroid function in pregnant women.
Preparation for the Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody Test
No special preparation is needed for a thyroid peroxidase antibody test. It is usually done as part of a routine physical exam or as part of a full thyroid panel. The patient should let the doctor or lab technician know about any current medications and supplements they are taking.
Procedure for the Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody Test
The thyroid peroxidase antibody test is a simple blood test that measures the level of antithyroid peroxidase antibodies in the blood. To get the results, a sample of the patient’s blood is taken and sent to the lab for analysis. The results will usually be available within a few days.
Types of Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies
- Thyroglobulin Antibodies (TGAb): These autoantibodies react with thyroglobulin, which is a protein that is part of the thyroid hormone production process. TGAb can indicate an autoimmune disorder of the thyroid.
- Thyroid Microsomal Antibodies (TMAb): These autoantibodies react with components of the thyroid gland, called thyroid peroxidase. TMAbs can be specific to different autoimmune thyroid diseases, such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and Graves’ disease.
- Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor Antibodies (TSHR-ab): These autoantibodies interact with the thyroid stimulating hormone receptor, which is necessary for the production of thyroid hormones. TSHR-ab can be a sign of Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder of the thyroid.
Risks of the Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody Test
The thyroid peroxidase antibody test is a safe, simple, and painless procedure. There is no risk associated with the test, and no special preparation is necessary.
Why the Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody Test is Important
The thyroid peroxidase antibody test is important for diagnosing autoimmune diseases of the thyroid, such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and Graves’ disease. It can also be used to monitor thyroid function during pregnancy, when a woman’s hormonal levels can change.
When to Take a Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody Test
A thyroid peroxidase antibody test may be recommended if the patient is experiencing signs and symptoms of a thyroid disorder, such as fatigue, weight gain, hair loss, or sudden changes in mood. It may also be done as part of a routine physical exam or to monitor thyroid function in pregnant women.