Skin and skin-structure infections
Skin and skin-structure infections: an overview of common bacterial pathogens
Skin and skin-structure infections are one of the most common reasons for doctor's visits. They affect people of all ages, and can range from mild to life-threatening. Bacteria are the most common cause of these infections, and the most common bacterial pathogens are Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and E. coli.
Streptococcal infections
Streptococcal infections are caused by bacteria from the genus Streptococcus, which can be divided into two types: group A (GAS) and group B (GBS). Group A is the more common cause of skin and skin-structure infections, and can cause a wide range of problems, including cellulitis, impetigo, and pyoderma. GBS is more rare, but can cause serious infections, such as necrotizing fasciitis and sepsis.
Staphylococcal infections
Staphylococcal infections are caused by bacteria from the genus Staphylococcus. These bacteria can cause a wide range of problems, including cellulitis, folliculitis, abscesses, and impetigo. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common cause of these infections, and is also one of the most common causes of antibiotic-resistant infections.
Escherichia coli infections
E. coli infections are caused by bacteria from the genus Escherichia coli. These bacteria can cause a range of skin and skin-structure infections, including abscesses, cellulitis, and pyoderma. E. coli is one of the most common causes of urinary tract infections, and can also spread to the skin and cause serious infections.
Prevention and Treatment of Skin and Skin-Structure Infections
The best way to prevent skin and skin-structure infections is to practice good hygiene, such as using soap and water to clean cuts and scrapes, and washing your hands regularly. If you do get an infection, it is important to seek prompt medical treatment in order to prevent the infection from becoming more serious. Treatment for skin and skin-structure infections will usually involve antibiotics, although they may also require wound drainage or surgical removal of the infected tissue.
Common treatments for skin and skin-structure infections include:
- Oral antibiotics
- Topical antibiotics
- Antibiotic topical gels, creams, or ointments
- Antiseptic solutions and dressings
- Surgery to remove infected tissue
- IV antibiotics, if needed.
It is important to finish the entire course of antibiotics, even if you start feeling better. If you don't, the bacteria may become resistant to the antibiotics, and the infection may become worse. If your infection is not responding to treatment, your doctor may need to perform a culture to identify the exact bacteria and prescribe the appropriate antibiotic.