Merkel cell cancer

What is Merkel Cell Cancer?

Merkel cell cancer, also known as Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), is a rare and aggressive type of skin cancer. It affects the Merkel cells in the outermost layer of the skin (epidermis). Merkel cells are specialized nerve cells that help to transmit sensory information to the brain.

Merkel cell cancer often begins as a painless, firm, and rapidly growing mass on the skin. It can sometimes spread to lymph nodes and other organs, making it life-threatening.

Signs and Symptoms of Merkel Cell Cancer

Common signs of Merkel cell cancer include:

• A rapidly growing nodule that often appears suddenly
• A painless, tender lump
• Dark discoloration of the skin
• Itching, tingling, numbness, or a burning sensation
• Redness, warmth, or fluid-filled blisters

Diagnosis

To diagnose Merkel cell cancer, your doctor may begin with a physical exam and review of your medical history. Your doctor will then usually order one or more of the following tests:

• Skin biopsy
• Imaging tests (e.g., MRI scan, CT scan)
• Blood tests
• Lymph node biopsy

Treatment

Common treatments for Merkel cell cancer include:

• Surgery to remove the tumor
• Radiation therapy to destroy remaining cancer cells
• Chemotherapy to kill remaining cancer cells
• Immunotherapy to boost the body’s natural defenses

Depending on the size and location of your tumor, your doctor might also recommend a combination of treatments.