Diabetes Mellitus
What is Diabetes Mellitus?
Diabetes mellitus, also known as type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, or gestational diabetes, is a group of metabolic diseases where a person has high blood sugar due to glucose or sugar metabolism problems. This is because the body either does not make enough insulin or does not respond properly to insulin.
Who Does Diabetes Affect?
Diabetes affects millions of people worldwide. It is the seventh leading cause of death in the United States. About 1 in 10 US adults have diabetes, and it’s estimated that up to 7 million may have undiagnosed diabetes.
Types of Diabetes Mellitus
There are two types of diabetes mellitus:
- Type 1 diabetes: Also known as juvenile diabetes, which is an autoimmune condition wherein the body cannot make insulin. This type of diabetes must be managed with medications and insulin injections.
- Type 2 diabetes: Also known as adult-onset diabetes, this is the most common type with more than 90% of diabetes cases being type 2. It occurs when the body can’t make enough insulin or has ineffective insulin.
Symptoms Of Diabetes
The common signs and symptoms of diabetes mellitus include:
- Frequent urination
- Excessive thirst
- Weight loss, despite eating more than usual
- Extreme hunger
- Fatigue
- Nausea, vomiting, or blurred vision
- Slow healing wounds or sores.
Complications Of Diabetes
Long-term complications of diabetes can include:
- Heart disease
- Stroke
- Kidney disease
- Foot ulcers
- Nerve damage
- Eye problems such as glaucoma and cataracts.
Treatment Of Diabetes
Treatment for diabetes depends on the type and severity, but generally includes a mixture of lifestyle changes, medications, and natural remedies. Lifestyle changes, such as increasing physical activity, eating a healthy diet, and not smoking, can help lower your blood sugar and prevent diabetes complications. Medications, such as insulin or oral diabetes medications, to help control your blood sugar levels. Finally, natural remedies, including herbs, spices, and supplements, can provide symptom relief and aid in blood sugar management.