What is CMV Colitis?
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) colitis is a type of infection caused by the cytomegalovirus (CMV), a virus that is generally harmless to most people. CMV colitis is an inflammation of the colon (large intestine) that can lead to significant diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weight loss. It is most common in immunosuppressed individuals, such as those with HIV or undergoing cancer treatment.
Symptoms of CMV Colitis
The main symptoms of CMV colitis include:
- Pain in the abdominal area
- Diarrhea
- Weight loss
- Fever
- Fatigue
- Nausea and vomiting
Treatment for CMV Colitis
The primary treatment for CMV colitis is antiviral medication. Most commonly, this is done with medication such as valacyclovir or ganciclovir. Recently, more people are being treated with the newer class of drugs, the protease inhibitors.
Other treatments may be necessary if the CMV colitis has led to complications, such as intestinal blockage or perforation. These can be treated with antibiotics, surgery, or chemotherapy. For many people, CMV colitis can be effectively managed with antiviral therapy, dietary changes, and lifestyle modifications.
Prevention of CMV Colitis
The best way to prevent CMV colitis is to practice good hygiene. This includes washing the hands regularly and using gloves when necessary to avoid contact with saliva, mucus, or secretions from an infected person.
It is also important to follow the doctor’s orders for any medications prescribed for a person’s underlying immunosuppression. People with HIV should take their antiretroviral medication as prescribed, and those undergoing cancer treatment should also follow their doctor’s advice and take any prescribed medications.
Conclusion
CMV colitis is a complication of an infection with the cytomegalovirus. It is an inflammation of the colon that can lead to significant abdominal pain, diarrhea, and weight loss. Most cases of CMV colitis can be treated with antiviral therapy, dietary changes, and lifestyle modifications. It is important to practice good hygiene and to stay on top of any medications prescribed for an underlying immunosuppression.