T-cell count
What is a T-Cell Count?
A T-cell count is a laboratory test to measure the number of T-cells in the bloodstream. T-cells are a type of white blood cell responsible for the body's immune system and fighting infection.
Why is a T-Cell Count Done?
T-cell counts are usually done to check the health of the immune system. Doctors may order a T-cell count when a person shows signs of a weakened immune system, such as frequent infections. A T-cell count can also be used to monitor HIV/AIDS or cancer treatments.
Preparation for a T-Cell Count
No special preparation is needed for a T-cell count. However, it is important to let the doctor know if there are any medications that may interfere with the test, such as blood thinners.
Procedure of a T-Cell Count
T-cell counts are performed in a laboratory. A blood sample is taken and the number of T-cells is measured using a machine called a flow cytometer. The results are usually available within a few days.
Types of T-Cell Counts
There are three different types of T-cell counts that can be done:
- Absolute T-cell counts: measure the exact number of T-cells in the blood
- Relative T-cell counts: measure the percentage of T-cells in the total number of white blood cells
- T-helper/T-suppressor ratio: measure the ratio of two types of T-cells, T-helper cells and T-suppressor cells
Risks of a T-Cell Count
T-cell counts are a safe and easy procedure with no known side effects. The only risk is discomfort from the needle used to take the blood sample.
When Is a T-Cell Count Done?
A T-cell count is usually done when a person has signs of a weakened immune system, such as frequent infections or HIV/AIDS. It can also be used to monitor cancer treatments.