What Is A Vitrectomy?
A vitrectomy is a vision-restoring surgical procedure that removes scar tissue, blood or other debris from within the eye. The procedure is used to treat a variety of conditions, including retinal detachment, macular pucker, macular hole, recurrent vitreous hemorrhage, macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy. In some cases, a vitrectomy may also be used to remove a tumor or to repair a retinal tear or detachment.
How Does Vitrectomy Work?
During the procedure, a tiny incision is made in the wall of the eye and a tiny lighted instrument called a vitrector is inserted through the incision. This instrument allows the surgeon to view the back of the eye and to make an assessment of the condition.
The vitrectomy procedure involves the use of various instruments and/or lasers to remove the affected tissue. The vitrector may be used to remove any blood or debris from inside the eye, while other instruments are used to remove part or all of the vitreous humor, scars, or other affected parts of the eye. Once all the affected tissue has been removed, the eye may then be filled with a clear solution to help maintain the eye’s shape and to promote healing.
What Happens During and After a Vitrectomy?
Before the procedure is performed, patients will undergo a complete eye exam to ensure that there is no inflammation or any other problem that could lead to complications during the procedure. An anesthetic is used to make the patient more comfortable during surgery.
During the procedure, the patient's vision may be temporarily blurred and vision may take up to several weeks to improve. Consequently, patients should avoid any strenuous activities, such as lifting, for a minimum of two weeks after the vitrectomy procedure.
Patients typically experience relief from symptoms such as floaters shortly after the procedure. As the eye heals, patients may experience blurred vision, itching, or a burning or stinging sensation. These symptoms usually go away within a few days.
Are There Any Side Effects to Vitrectomy?
Vitrectomy is a safe procedure that carries a relatively low risk of side effects. However, patients should take care to avoid any activities that might put additional strain on the eyes, such as reading, using a computer, or watching television. Additionally, patients are advised to wear protective eyeglasses and to avoid any contact sports for a period of at least four weeks.
The most common side effects include temporary blurred vision, burning, stinging, or itching, and a temporary decrease in night vision. . Other possible side effects include infection, retinal detachment, and retinal tears, which can be serious and require treatment.
Conclusion
A vitrectomy procedure is an effective way to restore vision and treat conditions that can lead to vision loss or impairment. The procedure carries a relatively low risk of side effects, and most patients experience relief from symptoms such as floaters and blurred vision shortly after the procedure. However, patients should take care to follow their surgeon's instructions for further care and avoid activities which could put additional strain on the eyes.