Vaginal Infections

Vaginal infections are inflammation or infection of the vagina and its surrounding structures, including the cervix, vulva, urethra, and Bartholin's glands. Many different organisms and conditions can cause vaginal infections.

Causes

Yeast infections: These common infections, which can cause abnormal vaginal discharge and painful intercourse, are caused by an overgrowth of Candida albicans
Bacterial vaginosis: This is an overgrowth of bacteria (Gardnerella vaginalis) that causes grayish-white odorous discharge
Trichomoniasis: A common sexually transmitted infection caused by a single-celled parasite
Chlamydia: An STD caused by a bacterial infection
Herpes: Also an STD, herpes is caused by a virus

Symptoms

Painful urination
Abnormal discharge
Painful intercourse
Itching and burning in the genital area
Foul-smelling vaginal odor
Bleeding between menstrual periods

Treatments

Treatments for vaginal infection depend on the organism or condition. Common treatments involve topical or oral antibiotics, antifungals, and antiviral medications. Depending on the severity of the infection, hospitalization may be necessary.

Prevention

To reduce the risk of developing a vaginal infection, women should practice good hygiene, wear cotton underwear and avoid tight clothing, wipe from front to back after using the bathroom, and practice safe sex.