Uncomplicated Malaria caused by Plasmodium Vivax

Understanding Uncomplicated Malaria Caused by Plasmodium Vivax

Malaria is caused by a parasite called Plasmodium. Plasmodium vivax is a species of the Plasmodium genus that is responsible for uncomplicated malaria. This species is found in several areas in the world, including the Middle East, Southeast Asia, South and Central America, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Oceania. Malaria caused by P. vivax is commonly referred to as ‘benign tertian malaria’ due to its typically milder symptoms compared to other types of malaria.

The disease itself is caused by a single-celled parasite called a sporozoite. Once inside the body, the sporozoite travels through the blood vessels and liver, where it multiplies before entering the red blood cells. In the red blood cells, the parasite continues to divide and reproduce until it has multiplied to large numbers. These parasites then burst out of the red blood cells, resulting in a fever and other common symptoms of malaria, such as headaches, chills, and anemia.

Treatment for uncomplicated malaria caused by P. vivax starts with the administration of antimalarial medications such as chloroquine. It is important to note that chloroquine is not effective against all types of Plasmodium, so if there is any chance that the infection is caused by a different species of Plasmodium, other medications must be administered. Other medications used for the treatment of P. vivax malaria include quinine, mefloquine, halofantrine, and atovaquone. Additionally, in cases of severe or recurrent malaria, a drug called primaquine may be administered in order to prevent relapses.

In addition to the use of antimalarial drugs, it is important to take preventive measures in order to protect against malaria. These measures include wearing long-sleeved shirts and pants, using insect repellents, using insecticide-treated bed nets, and eliminating breeding sites of mosquitoes. It is also important to get vaccinated, especially for travelers who are going to areas where malaria is prevalent.

Symptoms of Uncomplicated Plasmodium Vivax Malaria

• High fever
• Headache
• Chills
• Vomiting
• Aching joints and muscles
• Sweating, especially at night
• Anemia
• Fatigue

Prevention

• Wear long-sleeved shirts and pants
• Use insect repellents
• Use insecticide-treated bed nets
• Eliminate breeding sites of mosquitoes
• Get vaccinated