Diabetic coma
Diabetic Coma
Diabetic coma is a serious medical condition that is the result of extremely high or low blood sugar levels. It can cause loss of consciousness and can even be life-threatening if not treated quickly. People who have diabetes must take steps to monitor their blood sugar levels and take medications as prescribed by their doctor to avoid this serious complication.
Signs & Symptoms of Diabetic Coma
The signs and symptoms of a diabetic coma will vary depending on whether it is caused by high or low blood sugar levels. Some of the common signs and symptoms may include:
- Extreme tiredness
- Loss of consciousness
- Headache
- Nausea and vomiting
- Rapid heart rate
- Dehydration
- Confusion
- Breathing problems
- Sweating
Causes of Diabetic Coma
High and low blood sugar levels can both lead to a diabetic coma. High blood sugar levels can cause the condition known as hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic (HHNK) coma. In this type of diabetic coma, the body begins to break down fat and muscle tissue. This leads to an accumulation of acids in the body called ketones, which can lead to a coma.
Low blood sugar levels can cause hypoglycemia. Low blood sugar is caused by not eating enough food, taking too much insulin, or not taking enough diabetes medication. Hypoglycemia can lead to a coma if it is not treated quickly.
Treatment for Diabetic Coma
The treatment for diabetes coma depends on the type and severity of the condition. If high blood sugar levels cause the coma, the goal is to lower the sugar levels and restore the body’s chemical balance. In some cases, this may require a stay in the hospital for treatment with intravenous fluids and medication. If low blood sugar causes the coma, treatment may involve the administration of glucose or other sugar-containing solutions.
If you or someone close to you has diabetes, it is important to learn the signs of a diabetic coma and take steps to monitor and manage your blood sugar levels. Make sure to follow any instructions you are given by your healthcare provider to avoid this serious complication.