Tuberculosis Meningitis
Tuberculosis Meningitis - What is It?
Tuberculosis Meningitis, also referred to as TB meningitis, is an infection of the meninges which are the protective coverings of the brain and spinal cord. It is caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is transmitted through inhalation of TB-containing droplets. It is a serious illness that can cause severe brain damage and even death.
The symptoms of tuberculosis meningitis vary depending on age, but the main symptom is a high fever. Other symptoms may include a stiff neck, headache, confusion, seizures, nausea, vomiting, and changes in hearing or vision. It is important to seek medical help immediately if any of these symptoms develop.
Diagnosis of Tuberculosis Meningitis
The diagnosis of tuberculosis meningitis is based on clinical presentation, as well as laboratory testing. A sample of CSF or spinal fluid is typically taken and examined under a microscope to look for the presence of the bacterium. Additional tests, such as brain imaging, may also be used to help confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment of Tuberculosis Meningitis
Tuberculosis meningitis is treated with a combination of antibiotics, usually for 8 to 12 weeks. Often, two or more antibiotics are given together for the best effect. Additionally, supportive treatment, such as hospitalization and nutritional support, may be required to help the patient recover.
Complications of Tuberculosis Meningitis
Tuberculosis Meningitis can cause serious complications, which include:
- Brain damage
- Seizures
- Impaired hearing or vision
- Learning disabilities
- Memory problems
It is important to seek medical attention immediately if you start to show any symptoms of tuberculosis meningitis. The sooner treatment is started, the better the chances of preventing serious complications and a full recovery.