Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP)
What is Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP)?
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP) is an infection of the abdominal cavity of the body that is caused by bacteria. It is commonly seen in people with liver diseases, such as cirrhosis or liver failure, as well as people with malignant ascites, but can occur in anyone with no known underlying condition. It is important to recognize and treat this infection as it can be life-threatening.
Symptoms of SBP
The symptoms of SBP can vary and may be subtle, but may include:
- Abdominal pain
- Fever
- Nausea and/or vomiting
- Increased fluid retention
Diagnosis of SBP
Diagnosis of SBP typically involves performing a liver scan, abdominal ultrasound or CT scan, blood tests, and a sample of fluid from the abdomen known as a paracentesis. The fluid is then sent for testing for the presence of bacteria.
Treatment of SBP
Treatment of SBP usually involves antibiotics and may also include other treatments such as intravenous fluids and nutrition support. It is important to note that people with SBP may need to be hospitalized in order to receive proper treatment and monitoring.
Prevention of SBP
Prevention of SBP includes drinking plenty of fluids, exercising, and eating a healthy diet. People with liver disease should also be regularly monitored and receive vaccinations for certain illnesses, such as the influenza virus, as recommended by their healthcare provider.