Refractory Partial Onset Seizures

Partial onset seizures refer to seizures that start in one specific area of the brain. They are also called focal seizures and can vary in intensity from mild to severe. Refractory partial onset seizures are those that are difficult to control with medication. They can cause significant problems to a patient's quality of life, including a higher risk of death.

Causes of Refractory Partial Onset Seizures

The cause of refractory partial onset seizures varies greatly depending on the patient. It can be caused by a variety of things, including:

diseases such as epilepsy or traumatic brain injury
abnormal cell development in the brain
a genetic mutation that causes seizures
structural abnormalities in the brain
infections of the brain

Symptoms of Refractory Partial Onset Seizures

The symptoms of refractory partial onset seizures vary greatly depending on the type of seizure. However, some common symptoms include:

muscle spasms or jerking movements
staring blankly
loss of consciousness
confusion
memory problems
difficulty speaking
changes in behavior or emotions

Diagnosis of Refractory Partial Onset Seizures

To diagnose refractory partial onset seizures, your doctor will likely do a physical exam and review your medical history. They may also use brain imaging tests such as an MRI or CT scan to look for any structural or functional abnormalities. EEG testing, which measures electrical activity in the brain, may also be used to diagnose seizures.

Treatment of Refractory Partial Onset Seizures

The main goal of treatment for refractory partial onset seizures is to reduce the frequency and severity of seizures. Medication, such as anticonvulsants, is usually the first line of treatment. Additionally, lifestyle changes such as avoiding triggers, exercising regularly, and maintaining a healthy diet can help reduce the risk of seizures. Surgery may also be used to remove a part of the brain that is causing seizures.