Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder ( PMDD)
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD): A Condition Affecting Millions of Women
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). It is estimated that 3-8% of women of reproductive age have PMDD, though the condition is often underreported. PMDD affects many, and it can cause debilitating physical and emotional symptoms that interfere with day-to-day life
Symptoms of PMDD
The most common symptoms of PMDD include:
- Mood swings, including irritability, depression, and anxiety
- Crying spells
- Trouble concentrating
- Fatigue
- Changes in appetite or food cravings
- Insomnia or disrupted sleep patterns
- Ongoing physical symptoms, such as bloating, breast tenderness, and headaches
PMDD makes it difficult for those affected to go through their daily lives. Many feel overwhelmed or unable to function.
The Causes of PMDD
The exact causes of PMDD remain unknown, though researchers believe that hormones, genetics, and neurotransmitter levels may all play a role. Women with PMDD may have abnormally low levels of serotonin, which is also linked to depression. In some cases, a woman’s unique response to menstrual hormones like estrogen and progesterone may trigger PMDD symptoms.
Treatment for PMDD
Treatment for PMDD depends on the woman’s individual case. Common treatments include hormonal birth control methods, antidepressants, dietary and lifestyle changes, and supplements. For some women, physical activity, psychotherapy, acupuncture, or massage can help manage symptoms.
Living with PMDD
Living with PMDD can be challenging, but it is possible to manage the symptoms. It’s important for women to be aware of the condition and find the treatment that works best for them. It’s also important to find a supportive community and to seek help if needed.