Post-exposure prophylaxis for occupational exposure to HIV therapy

Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) for Occupational Exposure to HIV

Post-exposure prophylaxis, or PEP, is a short course of medication given after potential exposure to the HIV virus. PEP is used in certain occupational settings to minimize the risk of HIV transmission from a worker to the patient or from the patient to the worker. All workers who may come into contact with HIV-infected fluids, tissues or other bodily materials should be aware of their Status, the risk of exposure and the need for PEP.

PEP is a complex and dynamic process and how it is implemented varies depending on the patient's risk as well as other factors. PEP should be discussed with an HIV specialist and a decision should be made in terms of level of risk. In general, PEP for occupation exposure includes a regiment of anti-HIV medications given over a period of four weeks. Common drugs used for PEP include Zidovudine (Zidovudine), Lammbavir (Lamivudine), Raltegravir (raltegravir) and one or more other antiretroviral agents.

When starting PEP, it is important to obtain baseline laboratory testing, including a complete blood cell count (CBC), chemistry panel, HIV antibody test and an HIV-1 RNA test. Follow-up testing should take place at the completion of the PEP regimen and then every three to six months for at least six months. Follow-up should involve another HIV antibody test and an HIV-1 RNA test if the patient was infected.

There are several key components to a successful PEP protocol. First, the provider and patient must have an open and honest discussion regarding the possibility of exposure. If there has been potential exposure, a decision must be made about the risk level of the exposure. The provider and patient should then decide together if PEP is indicated. Finally, the patient must adhere to a strict adherence to the PEP regiment.

The following points should be considered when discussing and implementing PEP: