Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), also known as polyarthritis of childhood, is a form of JIA which affects five or more joints in the body. It affects children between ages 3 and 16, and can cause pain, swelling, and decreased range of motion in the affected joints. It can also lead to joint deformities, fatigue, and eye inflammation.
The cause of polyarticular JIA is not known, but there is research that suggests it may be related to genetic, environmental, and immune system factors. Polyarticular JIA can be further classified into rheumatoid factor positive ( RF +) and rheumatoid factor negative (RF-) categories. The Stills’ criteria is often used to distinguish between the two.
Signs and Symptoms
- Joint pain, stiffness, swelling, and deformity
- Persistent fever
- Fatigue
- Weight loss
- Development of joint abnormalities
- Eye inflammation (uveitis)
- Skin rashes
Diagnosis and Treatment
A diagnosis of polyarticular JIA is made through physical examination, lab tests, imaging tests, and the results of a child’s medical history. Treatment depends on the specific symptoms in each individual, and may include anti-inflammatory medications, immunosuppressive drugs, and physical therapy. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to correct joint deformities.
It is important to note that polyarticular JIA is a long-term condition, and there is no known cure. The goal of treatment is to improve symptoms, reduce inflammation, and prevent long-term damage. It is important to work with a doctor or healthcare provider to discuss the best treatment options for each individual.