NSAIDs
What Are Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)?
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a type of medication used to reduce inflammation, relieve pain, and lower fever. NSAIDs are a widely used group of medications and are available both over-the-counter (OTC) and by prescription. Examples of NSAIDs include:
- Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)
- Naproxen (Aleve)
- Aspirin
- Celecoxib (Celebrex)
- Diclofenac (Voltaren)
NSAIDs work by blocking an enzyme called cyclooxygenase (COX), which is responsible for the production of substances that cause inflammation and pain in the body. By blocking COX, NSAIDs are able to reduce inflammation while also reducing pain and fever.
Uses of NSAIDs
NSAIDs are used to treat a variety of conditions. They can be used to relieve mild to moderate pain such as headache, menstrual cramps, joint pain, and muscle aches. They are commonly used to treat inflammatory conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout. NSAIDs can also be used to reduce fever, decrease swelling, and relieve symptoms of colds and flu.
NSAIDs are also frequently used after surgery to reduce postoperative pain and swelling. Certain NSAIDs are used to prevent blood clots, such as in patients with a past history of stroke or heart attack.
Side Effects and Risks
Like all medications, NSAIDs can cause side effects. The most common side effects are nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, dizziness, and headache. Other more serious side effects may include increased risk of bleeding, liver damage, kidney damage, and heart attack or stroke.
Patients with a history of heart attack, stroke, bleeding problems, or kidney or liver disease should not use NSAIDs unless directed by a physician. Patients should also talk to their doctor before taking NSAIDs if they are pregnant or breastfeeding.
Summary
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a type of medication used to reduce inflammation, relieve pain, and lower fever. Examples of NSAIDs include Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Aspirin, Celecoxib, and Diclofenac. NSAIDs work by blocking an enzyme called COX, which is responsible for producing substances that cause inflammation and pain in the body. NSAIDs are used to treat a variety of conditions, including pain, inflammatory conditions, and fever. Common side effects include nausea, abdominal pain, and dizziness. More serious side effects include increased risk of bleeding, liver damage, kidney damage, and heart attack or stroke.