Metastatic gastroesphageal juntion adenocarcinoma

Metastatic Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma

Metastatic gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (GEJAC) is a rare and aggressive form of cancer of the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ), which is the site where the esophagus and stomach meet. It is estimated to make up roughly 10 to 15% of all cases of GEJ cancer, and accounts for approximately 1 to 2% of all cancer cases in the United States.

GEJAC occurs when abnormal cells originating from the gastroesophageal junction begin to grow uncontrollably, forming tumors in various parts of the digestive system. When these tumors grow, they can spread to other organs and tissues, making this type of cancer difficult to treat. This is why early diagnosis and treatment are so important.

Symptoms of Metastatic Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma

The primary symptom of GEJAC is difficulty swallowing. Other symptoms may include heartburn, indigestion, chest pain, and weight loss. In some cases, a person may develop jaundice or experience a change in bowel habits.

Diagnosis of Metastatic Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma

GEJAC is typically diagnosed using a combination of tests, including imaging scans such as an X-ray or CT scan, an endoscopic exam, a biopsy, and sometimes more extensive testing. During the endoscopic exam, the doctor will look inside the esophagus and stomach with a tiny camera to look for tumors or cancerous cells.

Treatment of Metastatic Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma

Treatment of GEJAC is typically a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Surgery may involve the removal of the cancerous tumors or part of the affected area of the esophagus or stomach. During chemotherapy, medication is used to target cancer cells and stop them from growing and spreading. Radiation helps to shrink tumors and decrease symptoms like pain.

Prognosis for Metastatic Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma

  • The prognosis for GEJAC is usually poor. Advanced cases are often difficult to treat, and the average life expectancy is 8-10 months.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to improve prognosis and extend life expectancy.
  • Survival rate is lower when the cancer has spread to other organs of the body.
  • A person's overall health and response to treatment can also influence their prognosis.
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