Dehydration
What Is Dehydration?
Dehydration occurs when the body does not have enough water to function properly. It is an imbalance of water and electrolytes in the body, caused by a lack of adequate fluids, an increased loss of fluids, or both. While it can occur in anyone, it is most common in very young children, older adults, and individuals who are ill or on certain types of medications.
Signs and Symptoms of Dehydration
Dehydration symptoms can range from mild to severe, depending on the underlying cause and the overall health of the individual. Common signs and symptoms of dehydration include:
- Dry mouth and tongue
- Thirst
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Low urine output
- Dark-colored urine
- Dry skin
- Fatigue
Causes of Dehydration
The most common cause of dehydration is simply not drinking enough fluids. People who are physically active, especially in hot, humid environments, are at a higher risk of dehydration. Other common causes of dehydration include:
- Diarrhea
- Vomiting
- Fever
- Excessive sweating
- Excessive urination (caused by certain medications)
Prevention of Dehydration
The best way to prevent dehydration is to drink adequate amounts of fluids throughout the day, especially in hot, humid weather. It is also a good idea to limit caffeinated and alcoholic beverages, as these can act as diuretics and increase the amount of fluids lost through urination.
It is also important to monitor activities in hot, humid environments, and to take regular breaks in order to replenish fluids lost through sweat. For those who are physically active in a hot, humid environment, it is important to drink fluids before, during, and after exercise.