Central Diabetes Insipidus

Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI) is a rare disorder caused by the lack of a hormone known as vasopressin, which helps regulate the body's fluid balance. The effects of this disorder can be debilitating and include frequent urination and excessive thirst. People who suffer from this disorder often experience uncomfortable symptoms such as weight loss, increased appetite, and extreme fatigue.

CDI occurs when the pituitary gland is unable to produce sufficient vasopressin. The role of this hormone is to control the movement of water in and out of the body’s cells. Without enough of this hormone, the body is unable to properly retain fluids and as a result, excess water is expelled through the kidneys resulting in increased urination. In some cases, the body's thirst may be unrelenting as well.

Currently, there is no cure for CDI; however, it can be managed and effectively treated with hormone replacement therapy. This type of treatment involves either intravenous or intranasal administration of synthetic vasopressin or a medication called desmopressin, which can help the body produce more of its own vasopressin. It is important to note that while these treatments may reduce the symptoms of the disorder, they may not completely eliminate them.

CDI may also lead to complications such as dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and urinary tract infections. It is important to consult a qualified medical professional in order to clarify any questions or concerns about the disorder and its treatment.

Common Symptoms of CDI

Frequent urination
Excessive thirst
Weight loss
Increased appetite
Extreme fatigue

Treatment

Treatment for CDI may include the following:

Hormone replacement therapy: This consists of either intranasal or intravenous administration of the synthetic forms of the hormone vasopressin, or desmopressin.
Fluid and electrolyte replacement: Due to the increased urination, it is important to replenish fluids and electrolytes in order to maintain proper hydration.
Antibiotics: This type of treatment is often used to treat any urinary tract infections that may have developed due to the dehydration.