Calcium channel blocker overdose
Calcium Channel Blocker Overdose
Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are widely used medications that work by interfering with the flow of calcium into cells in the heart, blood vessels, and smooth muscle. When taken in overdose, CCBs can cause serious symptoms, including life-threatening heart and breathing problems. It is important to be aware of the signs and symptoms of a CCB overdose, as well as the treatments that can be used to manage it.
Signs and Symptoms
The signs and symptoms of a CCB overdose can vary depending on the amount of drug taken, and can range from mild to life-threatening. The most common signs and symptoms include:
- Low blood pressure
- Rapid heartbeat
- Lightheadedness
- Nausea and vomiting
- Slow or labored breathing
- Confusion or altered mental status
- Dizziness or weakness
- Unresponsiveness
Treatment
The treatment for a CCB overdose depends on the amount of drug taken, the patient's overall condition, and the presence of any other medical conditions. In general, treatment may include:
- Monitoring of vital signs
- Supportive care and/or hospitalization to closely monitor and treat symptoms
- Intravenous (IV) fluids to increase blood pressure
- Oxygen to enhance breathing
- Cardioversion or defibrillation to restore the heart's normal rhythm
- Gastric emptying, activated charcoal, or laxatives to reduce absorption of CCBs from the GI tract
- Dialysis to reduce blood levels of CCBs in severe cases
- A medication called calcium gluconate to help correct low calcium levels
- Medications to control heartbeat and blood pressure
Prevention
The best way to prevent a CCB overdose is to take the medication as prescribed by your doctor. If you have any questions about your medication, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. Do not take more than the recommended amount, and never take someone else's CCB medication without talking to your doctor first.