Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS)
What is Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS)?
Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS) is a type of stroke that is caused by a sudden blockage in a blood vessel that supplies oxygen to the brain. It’s the most common type of stroke, accounting for about 87% of cases. AIS typically occurs when a clot or a piece of plaque breaks away from an artery wall and cuts off blood flow to a part of the brain. This interruption in blood flow deprives brain cells of oxygen and other essential nutrients, and can cause cell death. Symptoms of AIS often appear very suddenly– within minutes to hours– and can include paralysis, dizziness, and confusion.
Risk Factors association with Acute Ischemic Stroke
AIS can be caused by a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors. Risk factors include:
- High blood pressure.
- High cholesterol.
- Conditions that affect blood clotting, such as atrial fibrillation.
- Diabetes.
- Smoking and alcohol use.
- Age.
- Family history of stroke.
Complications and Early Treatment
Complications of AIS can range from mild to severe, and can include vision loss, numbness, difficulty speaking, and difficulty understanding language. In the event of AIS, it’s important to receive treatment as quickly as possible. Treatment options include surgery, medications, lifestyle changes, and physical and occupational therapy.
Prevention
Living a healthy lifestyle is the best way to reduce your risk of AIS and other types of strokes. Some prevention strategies include:
- Eating a healthy diet with plenty of vegetables and fruits.
- Exercising regularly.
- Maintaining a healthy weight.
- Quitting smoking.
- Managing stress.
- Controlling other health conditions, such as high blood pressure and diabetes.