Electroretinography

What Is Electroretinography (ERG)?

Electroretinography (ERG) is a medical procedure used to monitor the electrical activity in the retina of the eye. It is performed to diagnose and evaluate various vision-related problems, such as retinal disease, color vision deficiencies, and amblyopia. It is also used to monitor the efficacy of certain treatments, such as medications or laser surgery.

Preparation for Electroretinography (ERG)

No special preparation is required to conduct an Electroretinography (ERG). However, the patient must avoid using drugs, such as anti-depressants, aspirin, sleeping pills, etc., prior to the testing to avoid interfering with the test results.  In addition, dilating eye drops may be used during the test.

Procedure for Electroretinography (ERG)

The patient is made to lie comfortably on a couch, with their head on a support. An ophthalmoscope is used to examine the eye for any signs of damage before starting the procedure. Then, a stimulating electrode is placed on the skin surface close to the eye and a recording electrode is placed on the eye. The stimulating electrode is used to send electrical signals to the retina and the recording electrode measures the response of the retina. The test results are then recorded and analyzed.

Types of Electroretinography

There are two types of Electroretinography: Flash electroretinography (fERG) and Pattern electroretinogrphy (pERG). The fERG is used to test the overall function of a person's retina. The fERG involves a bright light, or "flash," being introduced into the eye. The pERG is used to test the visual processing of the patient, such as lightning rod-like cells, and involves the patient viewing a series of images.

Risks of Electroretinography (ERG)

Electroretinography (ERG) is generally considered a safe procedure. However, as with any medical procedure, there are risks associated with it. Possible risks include eye pain, discomfort from the electrodes, and light sensitivity. The risks depend on the type of test being administered, the length of time it is administered, and the sensitivities of the patient.

Why Is Electroretinography Used?

Electroretinography is used to evaluate and diagnose retinal diseases, damage, and other vision-related problems. It is also used to monitor the efficacy of treatments such as medications or laser surgery as they relate to visual issues. It is often used to diagnose and track vision loss related to diseases such as age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, and retinitis pigmentosa.

When Is Electroretinography Used?

Electroretinography is typically used to diagnose or evaluate visual issues or retinal diseases. It may also be used to monitor the efficacy of treatments, such as medications or laser surgery. It is often used in the early stages of a retinal disease or visual impairment in order to track and monitor progression.