Undescended Testis

Undescended Testis: Causes, Symptoms and Remedies

Undescended testis (cryptorchidism) is a condition in which one or both of the testicles fail to descend into the scrotum of a male infant. The condition occurs in 3 to 4 percent of full-term male babies and up to 30 percent of premature male babies.

When the testicles fail to drop into the scrotum they remain in the abdominal cavity, near the kidneys. The condition is often found at birth or before the baby is 3 months old. In some cases, the testicles descend normally at first and then move back up into the abdomen.

Causes of Undescended Testis

• Hormonal - too little or too much of certain hormones during fetal development.
• Craniofacial problem - abnormalities of the skull or face.
• Genetics - genetic defects in certain genes.
• Environmental Odors - exposure to environmental odors in the womb.
• Infection - a mother having an infection during pregnancy.

Symptoms of Undescended Testis

• The absence of one or both testicles in the scrotum.
• A medical history of problems with fertility of the male relative.
• Pain or discomfort in the groin area.
• Difficulty or discomfort during intercourse.

Remedies for Undescended Testis

• Hormonal Replacement Therapy (HRT) - HRT can help testicles descend into the scrotum but can have side effects. It should only be used with close monitoring by a doctor.
• Surgery - Surgical procedures to place the testicle into the scrotum are the only proven cure for cryptorchidism.
• Environmental Odor Control - Reducing exposure to environmental odors during pregnancy may help prevent undescended testicles.
• Lifestyle Changes - Eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly and avoiding harmful substances may reduce the risk of some fertility problems.