Typhoid Fever caused by S. typhi
Typhoid Fever Caused by S. typhi
Typhoid fever is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi. It is a serious health issue that affects millions of people every year, primarily in parts of the world with limited access to clean water and sanitary conditions. Although typhoid fever is treatable with antibiotics, it may become life-threatening without proper medical care.
The bacteria Salmonella typhi is spread by contact with an infected person's feces or urine. It may also be transmitted through food or water tainted with these substances. Typhoid fever is most common in tropical and subtropical areas. Symptoms of typhoid fever usually begin 1-3 weeks after exposure and include:
- Fever
- Headache
- Abdominal Pain
- Weakness
- Loss of Appetite
- Diarrhea or Constipation
- Rash
People with severe cases of typhoid fever may experience confusion, delirium, and hallucinations. Diagnosis of typhoid fever is typically accomplished through blood or stool tests. Treatment typically includes antibiotics to kill the bacteria, such as ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, or azithromycin.
It is important for people with typhoid fever to take all prescribed medications and finish the entire course, even if their symptoms go away. This can help prevent the infection from coming back and becoming resistant to medication. People with typhoid fever should also practice safe food and water practices, such as boiling water before drinking, eating food that is freshly prepared and not contaminated, and washing hands thoroughly.
In order to reduce the risk of typhoid fever, vaccines are available. The vaccine stimulates the body's immune system to produce antibodies against Salmonella typhi. Vaccines are available for both children and adults, and may provide up to 5 years of protection. While the typhoid vaccine may not be 100% effective, it can still reduce the risk of contracting typhoid fever.