Thyroid Crisis
Thyroid Crisis: An Overview
Thyroid crisis, also known as thyroid storm, is a serious, life-threatening condition caused by the overactivity of the thyroid gland. It is characterized by an acute exacerbation of both hyperthyroidism and clinical distress. It is estimated to affect less than 1 percent of people with hyperthyroidism, and it is believed to be fatal in over 20 percent of cases.
The exact cause of thyroid crisis is unknown, however some of the known risk factors include: inadequate treatment of hyperthyroidism, pregnancy, stress, excessive exogenous iodine, surgeries, infections, and severe trauma.
Signs and Symptoms of Thyroid Crisis
The symptoms of thyroid crisis can occur rapidly and progress rapidly. The following are some of the signs and symptoms associated with this condition:
- Fever
- High blood pressure
- Rapid heartbeat
- Tachycardia
- Rapid breathing
- Nausea and vomiting
- Agitation
- Confusion
- Seizures
- Coma
Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Crisis
If thyroid crisis is suspected, your healthcare provider will perform a physical exam and order certain tests, including thyroid hormone levels, to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment typically includes fluids and medications, such as beta-blockers and antithyroid agents, to control the symptoms. Surgery may also be required to reduce the size of the thyroid gland. In some cases, thyroid hormone replacement therapy may be needed.
If left untreated, thyroid crisis can be fatal, so it is important to seek immediate medical attention if you have any symptoms of the condition.