Stroke

Stroke: An Overview

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability in the United States. It is a medical emergency that occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is cut off. If not treated quickly, it can cause long-term disability or even death.

Stroke is typically caused by a blockage or clot in one or more of the arteries that supply blood to the brain. It can also be caused by a ruptured blood vessel. Depending on the severity of the damage, symptoms can range from difficulty speaking and understanding to paralysis of one side of the body.

Doctors typically treat stroke with a combination of medications and lifestyle changes. This may include medications to reduce inflammation, thin the blood, or dissolve a clot; physical therapy to help regain any lost abilities; and lifestyle modifications such as quitting smoking, eating a healthy diet, and exercising regularly.

Signs and Symptoms of Stroke

The warning signs of stroke can vary, but it is important to act quickly if you or someone else is experiencing any of them. The most common signs of stroke include:

• Sudden numbness or weakness on one side of the body
• Confusion, difficulty speaking or understanding speech
• Trouble seeing in one or both eyes
• Severe headache with no known cause
• Difficulty walking or maintaining balance

Risk Factors for Stroke

Certain factors may put a person at higher risk for stroke. Risk factors for stroke include:

• High blood pressure
• High cholesterol
• Diabetes
• Smoking
• Obesity
• Family history of stroke or heart attack

People at higher risk for stroke should work with their doctor to manage their health and minimize their risk. This may include eating a healthy diet, getting ample exercise, and quitting smoking and drinking.