Stage D2 Prostatic carcinoma
What is Stage D2 Prostatic Carcinoma?
Stage D2 Prostatic Carcinoma is more advanced form of prostate cancer which has spread to multiple sites outside the prostate. This type of cancer is very difficult to treat and is usually associated with poor prognosis. It has been estimated that only 5-10% of all prostate cancer cases are Stage D2 Prostatic Carcinoma.
Symptoms
The symptoms of Stage D2 Prostatic Carcinoma depend on the location and extent of the cancer. Common signs and symptoms include:
- Frequent urination
- Inability to urinate (Urinary retention)
- Painful urination
- Pain in the back, hips, or pelvis
- Blood in the urine or semen
- Constant fatigue
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Stage D2 Prostatic Carcinoma begins with a digital rectal exam, blood tests, and imaging tests. Patients may also have a biopsy performed to check for the presence of cancer cells.
Treatment
Stage D2 Prostatic Carcinoma is difficult to treat, and traditional treatments such as surgical removal or radiation may not be effective. Doctors may recommend chemotherapy, hormone therapy, or immunotherapy as treatment options.
Outlook
The prognosis for patients with Stage D2 Prostatic Carcinoma is poor, with less than a 10% survival rate five years after diagnosis. Treatment options are limited, and patients should talk to their doctor about available options as soon as possible.