Pituitary-dependent Cushing's syndrome
.Pituitary-Dependent Cushing’s Syndrome
Pituitary-dependent Cushing’s syndrome, also known as Cushing’s disease, is a rare disorder characterized by excessive production of cortisol by the adrenal glands due to elevated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion by the pituitary gland. It is an endocrine disorder caused by a tumor in the pituitary gland that results in prolonged exposure of cortisol in the body. The disease can be very serious and lead to life-threatening complications, so prompt diagnosis and treatment are important.
The main feature of pituitary-dependent Cushing’s syndrome is that it causes an increase in cortisol levels in the blood. This can have a variety of effects, including:
- Weight gain, especially in the face, abdomen, thighs, and upper back
- High blood sugar levels, resulting in Type 2 diabetes
- High blood pressure
- Rounded face (“moon face”)
- Thin skin, easy bruisability, and poor wound healing
- Excess body and facial hair (hirsuitism)
- Muscle weakness
- Osteoporosis
- Changes in mood and emotional state
- Irregular or absent menstrual cycles
- Increased susceptibility to infections
Diagnosis of pituitary-dependent Cushing’s syndrome is usually done through a combination of several tests, including laboratory tests such as a 24-hour urine cortisol test and imaging tests such as a CT or MRI scan. Treatment of the disorder often involves a combination of medications, surgery to remove the tumor, and radiation therapy to shrink or destroy it.
It is important to seek prompt treatment for pituitary-dependent Cushing’s syndrome to prevent long-term health complications and to ensure that the disorder does not progress. With proper diagnosis and treatment, it is possible to lead a healthy and normal life.