Persistent Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma
Persistent Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Overview
Persistent cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (PCTL) is a rare type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that affects the skin. It is an aggressive form of lymphoma, meaning that it quickly spreads to other parts of the body if left untreated. Common symptoms include red or purple patches on the skin, itchy rashes, and enlarged lymph nodes.
Causes and Risk Factors for PCTL
The cause of PCTL is unknown, but it is believed to be related to a defect in the immune system. People who have weakened immune systems – due to HIV/AIDS, transplant medications, or other conditions – are at an increased risk of developing PCTL. Additionally, those with certain genetic disorders, such as an ataxia telangiectasia gene mutation, may also be at risk.
Diagnosis of PCTL
Diagnosis of PCTL is based on a combination of medical history, physical exam, blood tests, tissue biopsy, and imaging tests. First, a doctor will conduct a physical exam to look for signs of PCTL and take a medical history to assess any risk factors. Blood tests are used to measure the number and types of cells in the blood, as well as to measure levels of certain proteins that are associated with PCTL. Imaging tests such as a CT scan or MRI are used to look for enlarged lymph nodes or other signs of disease. Finally, a biopsy of affected tissue is taken and examined under a microscope for signs of PCTL.
Treatment Options for PCTL
Treatment options for PCTL can vary based on the stage and type of disease. Common treatment options include:
- Radiation therapy: The use of high-energy x-rays to kill cancer cells.
- Chemotherapy: The use of drugs to kill cancer cells.
- Immunotherapy: The use of substances to help the body's immune system recognize and destroy cancer cells.
- Surgery: The removal of affected lymph nodes or tissue.
In some cases, a combination of treatments may be recommended. Talk to your doctor about the best treatment plan for your individual situation.