Parkinsonism post encephalitic
Post Encephalitic Parkinsonism: Overview and Symptoms
Post-encephalitic Parkinsonism, or PEP, is a rare neurological disorder that affects movement and is caused by a brain infection. It is estimated to affect one in one million individuals each year. PEP is a type of Parkinson’s disease, and it typically follows after a bout of encephalitis. Encephalitis is an infection of the brain which is typically caused by a virus. It is important to note that PEP can also be caused by the mumps virus, polio virus, herpes simplex, or Legionnaires’ disease.
The symptoms and signs of PEP are often difficult to diagnose in the early stages, and usually do not become apparent until two to five years after the infection. Basic symptoms associated with PEP include tremors, difficulty speaking, walking, and moving, muscular rigidity, and Hyposmia, a diminished sense of smell. It is important to note that some of these symptoms can also be related to other neurological conditions, such as dementia.
Treatments
The main goal of care for PEP is to reduce the severity of symptoms and increase function and mobility. While there is no known cure for PEP, medications, physical and occupational therapy, and lifestyle modifications can be extremely beneficial in managing symptoms. Medications used to treat PEP may include, but are not limited to, dopaminergic drugs, anticholinergics, antidepressants, and anticonvulsants.
In addition to medications, physical and occupational therapy are also an important part of managing PEP. With physical therapy, individuals may focus on improving physical functioning, flexibility, balance, and strength. Occupational therapy, on the other hand, focuses on helping individuals relearn daily activities such as dressing, cooking, and using utensils. Occupational therapy may also help individuals cope with the non-motor symptoms associated with PEP, such as depression and anxiety.
Complications of PEP
As with any medical condition, there can be complications associated with PEP. Possible complications include:
- Falls and fractures
- Loss of mobility
- Dyskinesia
- Depression
- Difficulty swallowing
- Cognitive decline
- Difficulty speaking and understanding language
It is important for individuals to discuss possible complications with their healthcare provider. Early detection and intervention can help reduce the chances of potential complications.
Conclusion
Post-encephalitic Parkinsonism is a rare neurological disorder caused by a brain infection. It is characterized by tremors, difficulty speaking, walking, and moving, muscular rigidity, and Hyposmia. Treatment focuses on reducing symptoms and increasing function and mobility through medications, physical and occupational therapy, and lifestyle modifications. It is important to consult a healthcare provider to discuss any potential complications of the condition.