Oesophageal varices haemorrhage
Oesophageal Varices Haemorrhage
Oesophageal varices haemorrhage is a potentially life-threatening condition that may occur when the walls of the oesophagus (or gullet) rupture. This can cause blood to leak into the chest cavity and is often caused by pressure exerted on the oesophagus by an enlarged liver or spleen. Oesophageal varice haemorrhage can be caused by various things, including cirrhosis of the liver, portal hypertension, congestive heart failure, and other medical conditions.
If left untreated, oesophageal varice haemorrhage can lead to serious complications such as shock, pancreatitis, and even death. Therefore, it is important to be aware of the signs and symptoms of oesophageal varice haemorrhage so that you can seek medical treatment if you experience any of them.
Signs and Symptoms of Oesophogeal Varice Haemorrhage
- Vomiting blood
- Dark or bright red blood in stools
- Abdominal pain or discomfort
- Passing out blood clots
- Shortness of breath
- Swelling of the abdomen
- Sudden or rapid weight loss
If you experience any of these symptoms, it is important to seek medical attention immediately. It is also important to tell your doctor about your family history of oesophageal varice haemorrhage, any medications you are taking, and any other underlying medical conditions you may have.
Diagnosing Oesophageal Varice Haemorrhage
Your doctor will first examine you and ask questions about your symptoms to determine if oesophageal varice haemorrhage is the most likely cause. He or she may also order a series of tests to confirm the diagnosis, such as:
- Endoscopy – your doctor will use an endoscope to look inside the oesophagus, stomach and the first part of the intestine
- Ultrasound – an imaging device called an ultrasound can be used to examine the liver and spleen for any abnormalities. This can help to determine whether the varices are a result of an enlarged liver or spleen.
- Blood tests – to check levels of certain substances in your blood, such as bilirubin and liver enzymes.
Treating Oesophageal Varice Haemorrhage
The treatment for oesophageal varice haemorrhage will depend on the underlying cause. In some cases, the bleeding can be controlled with medications. In more severe cases, surgery may be needed to repair the blood vessels and prevent further bleeding.
In addition to surgery, lifestyle changes can help to reduce the risk of oesophageal varice haemorrhage. These include quitting smoking, reducing alcohol consumption, exercising regularly, eating a healthy diet, and reducing stress. Your doctor may also recommend taking certain medications to reduce the risk of bleeding.