Mottled hyperpigmentation
What is Mottled Hyperpigmentation?
Mottled hyperpigmentation is a skin condition characterized by the presence of irregularly spaced, symmetrical dark patches on the skin. These patches are much darker than the surrounding skin and can appear on any area of the body. The condition is more commonly seen in people with darker skin tones and is thought to be caused by an increase in melanin or pigment production in the affected areas.
Mottled hyperpigmentation can also be known as “mottling” or “macular hyperpigmentation”. It is frequently confused with age spots or sun spots. While the two conditions may look similar, there are distinct differences between them. Age spots or sun spots tend to be smaller and rounder while mottled hyperpigmentation forms larger patches with irregular edges.
Causes of Mottled Hyperpigmentation
The exact cause of mottled hyperpigmentation is unknown, but it is thought to be the result of an overproduction of melanin in the affected areas. This can be triggered by certain medications, hormonal imbalances, a reaction to ultraviolet (UV) light exposure, or a combination of these factors.
- Medications: Certain medications, such as antimalarials, may trigger an increase in melanin production.
- Hormonal imbalances: Hormonal fluctuations, such as those that occur during pregnancy or menopause, may also lead to mottled hyperpigmentation.
- UV light exposure: Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation is known to cause dark spots, but it can also lead to mottled hyperpigmentation.
Treatments for Mottled Hyperpigmentation
Mottled hyperpigmentation is usually harmless and does not require any medical treatment. However, if it is particularly bothersome or if it is the result of a medical condition, then treatments may be recommended. Treatments are available to reduce the appearance of the patches but may not be able to completely get rid of them.
Common treatments for mottled hyperpigmentation include the following:
- Creams and ointments: Creams or ointments containing hydroquinone or retinoids may be prescribed to help lighten the affected areas.
- Chemical peels: A chemical peel, or keratolytic, can help lighten the skin and may be used to reduce the appearance of mottled hyperpigmentation.
- Laser treatments: Laser treatments, such as IPL (intense pulsed light) or pulsed light and heat, can help reduce the appearance of dark spots.
In some cases, lifestyle changes may be recommended to prevent or reduce the symptoms of mottled hyperpigmentation. These may include avoiding sun exposure, protecting the skin from UV rays with clothing or sunscreen, and using skin lightening creams or moisturizers.