Kaposi’s sarcoma

Kaposi's Sarcoma

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a type of cancer that can affect the skin, mucous membranes, and lymph nodes. It is caused by a virus known as human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8). KS is an illness that is most commonly found in people who are infected with HIV. It is also found in people with weakened immune systems, such as those who have undergone organ transplants or chemotherapy, as well as in older adults.

Kaposi's sarcoma is characterized by lesions on the skin, as well as thickening and buildup of tissue in the affected areas. Lesions may appear as flat, purple, brown, or red spots on the skin. They can also develop on the mucous membranes (lips, mouth, nose, rectum, vagina). Tumors may form in the lymph nodes and other organs, such as the spleen, liver, and lungs.

Kaposi's sarcoma can be classified into four different types: classic, endemic, iatrogenic, and AIDS-related. Classic KS is rare and is found mostly in older men of Mediterranean or Eastern European descent. Endemic KS is found in certain regions of Africa, and is most common in children and young adults. Iatrogenic KS is triggered by medical treatments, such as organ transplants or chemotherapy. AIDS-related KS is the most common in people who are infected with HIV, and is the most severe.

There is no cure for Kaposi's sarcoma, and treatment depends on the type and severity of the disease. Treatment options may include topical creams, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of these. In some cases, surgery may be recommended to remove tumors.

Prevention

Kaposi's sarcoma can be prevented by avoiding exposure to the virus that causes it, which is transmitted through sexual contact. People who are infected with HIV should also practice safe sex to reduce their risk of getting KS. Immunosuppressive drugs can also be used to prevent KS in people with weakened immune systems.

Risk Factors

• Being infected with HIV/AIDS
• Having a weakened immune system due to organ transplant or chemotherapy
• Being an older man of Mediterranean or Eastern European descent
• Living in certain regions of Africa