Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), or kidney cancer, is the most common type of kidney cancer in adults. It is usually treated with surgery, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, immunotherapy, or a combination of these treatments. Advanced renal cell carcinoma is a form of RCC that has spread (metastasized) from the primary site (the kidney) to other parts of the body, such as the lymph nodes, lungs, or liver.

Causes of Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma

The exact cause of advanced renal cell carcinoma is not known. However, certain risk factors may increase the development of the disease, such as smoking, drinking alcohol, family history, certain genetic mutations, or long-term exposure to certain chemicals.

Signs and Symptoms of Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma

Common signs and symptoms of advanced renal cell carcinoma include:

Unexplained weight loss
Fatigue
Fever
Bone pain
Jaundice
A lump on the back or side
Bloody urine
Swollen legs or feet
Nausea
Vomiting

Diagnosis of Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma

Advanced renal cell carcinoma is usually diagnosed through a combination of medical imaging tests, including CT scans, MRIs, and PET scans, as well as biopsies. A biopsy is a procedure in which a small amount of tissue is removed from the affected area and analyzed in a laboratory for the presence of cancer cells.

Treatment of Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma

Treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma will depend on the individual’s health and the stage of the cancer. Common treatments for advanced renal cell carcinoma include chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. In some instances, a combination of these treatments may be recommended.

If you have been diagnosed with advanced renal cell carcinoma, it is important to talk to your doctor about all of your treatment options and any possible side effects. Together, you can develop a treatment plan that is best suited for your individual needs.